Hydrogen Peroxide is an excellent disinfectant and cleanser, which will do wonders at destroying any organic material. Regular old dish soap, used in modest amounts will also help significantly towards cleaning and refreshing a tank.
There are several steps you can take in avoiding this in the future as well. If you are traveling in areas with high quality water treatment facilities, such as North America and most of Europe, when you fill your flexible tanks try to remove all air pockets from the bladder. By doing this you helping to maintain the chemical sanitizer balance created at the treatment plant by not exposing the water to oxygen, and you are not giving it space to volatilize off into. This will help keep your water cleaner longer. For proof, take two glasses of water, leave one open, press saran wrap down into the other so that no air is in contact with the water and leave these in a nice dark place for several weeks (kinda like your water tanks) and you'll see the difference between a sealed flexible tank and a solid tank.
Further, you can help reduce grime buildup by adding chlorine to any water you add to the tanks. The general rule of thumb is approximately 12 drops of chlorine, to one gallon of water. However, you may want to only add about half of this in the case of already safe drinking water. You know you have put enough chlorine in when you can just smell the chlorine in the tank once it has been mixed properly. Yea your water will taste slightly chlorinated, but it will be clean, and so will your tank.
NEVER put excessive amounts of disinfectant, soap, etc., into a flexible tank, it will not come out no matter how hard you scrub, all you can do is fill your tank, wait a few days, empty it, repeat over and over, and it will still probably taste like whatever you put in it for a long time to come.
You can almost always restore a flexible tank to decent condition, but can't always get it to like new condition. Also, if your tank looks like a science experiment you may want to take a look at your water
lines, they are probably just as bad or worse.