Admittedly many of these are used interchangeably but I''ll take a shot at interperting...willing to stand corrected!
Pilot house...Standing headroom enclosure on deck of boat that includes steering station and gernerally room for others as well to be on deck while out of the weather.
Wheel House...same as Pilot House but generally smaller with chief function being steering.
Dog House- any raised cabin structure above deck level.
Deck Saloon- Raised mid-ships cabin which often does NOT enclose a steering station but provides above deck
seating, viewing and comfort for crew with other living quarters on boat generally a few steps downn from saloon.