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Old 02-09-2003
John Kretschmer John Kretschmer is offline
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A Voice in the Fog









Fog can turn a pleasurable daysail into a frightening experience when you least expect it.
Fog in South Florida? That’s about as likely as Sadam Hussein passing a polygraph test! Carefully sounding your way into a fog shrouded harbor on the coast of Maine is one thingheck it’s almost expected and there is even something vaguely romantic about not being able to see the bow pulpit from the helm and blasting one long and one short signal into the eerie mist every two minutes—but feeling your way under the Sanibel Island Causeway Bridge in dense fog is another thing; that's a downright singular experience and I was the unexpected protagonist.       

Yet our original plan had been simple. My friend Ed and I would sail his Catalina 400 from Ft. Myers in SW Florida to Marathon in the Keys, a passage of about 100 miles. Ed had business in Marathon and thought it would be interesting to arrive by boat. I had a few days on my hands, so what better way to spend them than going for an overnight sail—talk about a busman’s holiday.; “This is weird,” I said as I greeted Ed, who was busy in the cockpit preparing to make sail.  “Fog in Florida; oh well I’m sure it will burn off soon.” The pale sun was clearly visible above the low fog layer as we made our way to the fuel dock and topped the tank. We could just make out the marina channel markers, which were about 100 yards away, and decided to press on.  “It’s only 45 minutes to the bridge,” Ed explained, “I know the way out like the back of my hand. I can’t imagine there will be fog once we get off the coast.”  








Fog occurs when warm, moist air moves over cold water causing moisture to condense on the surface. On the Atlantic coast of South Florida, the waters are warmed by the Gulf Stream current minimizing the differences between land and sea temperatures, making fog an almost unheard of occurrence.  However, the waters of the Gulf of Mexico off SW Florida do cool off in the winter, creating the potential for fog.  Still, it is quite rare and as the attendant at the fuel dock told us, “I haven’t seen a fog like this in years.  But don’t worry it will burn off soon; it never lasts once the sun comes up.”

We nosed into the channel and cautiously made our way toward the Intracoastal Waterway.  The fog clamped down.  I stood on the bow and peered into the deepening gloom. Once I picked up a marker I shouted steering instructions and we crawled from one marker to the next. Of course we didn’t have radarthis was Florida, and I remembered once telling Ed that his money was better spent on a bimini top to keep the relentless sun at bay than on an expensive radar unit.


After an hour of creeping along, we’d managed two miles or about half the distance to the bridge.  Although the water outside the channel was very shallow, our fear of running aground had been replaced by the terror of being impaled by a marauding powerboat. Mind you, when it comes to speculating on the IQs of powerboaters, I am more charitable than most sailors: I think a few of them need three digits.  Or at least I did before this recent fog-shrouded Saturday morning. I was incredulous as one boat after another charged past us. More than once a boat had to veer sharply when suddenly encountering our slow moving stern.  The skippers would throw the wheel hard over and look annoyed as they disappeared into the scud. My ever-increasing blasts on the air horn were useless; these morons couldn’t hear a bomb blast over the din of their twin 200-hp outboard engines.











Under foggy conditions, the relationship between powerboaters and sailors can deteriorate very quickly, as the author learned firsthand.
As one garishly painted cigarette boat zoomed past us, the skipper clad in only a Speedo, gold chains, and rakish sunglasses despite the cool damp weather, I had a vision of being plucked right off the bow as this lethal purple and yellow rocket ship ran right over us. My only hope was that I would land in the arms of the bikini-clad deck ornament who, despite the fog, was apparently ‘sunning’ herself on the foredeck. At least when you encounter fog in New England or in the Pacific Northwest you can count on your fellow mariners to pilot their vessels carefully and with respect to the rules of the road.  In the land of sun and fun, however, these weekend warriors were not about to let the fact that they couldn’t see where they’re going slow them down.  I had the feeling that they were having fun, almost like they were at a theme park.   

The fog refused to yield and we finally decided to drop the hook. Working our way as far out of the channel as we dared, we hid behind a marker and hoped that it would take the first impact should a small boat skid our way. A few hours later there was a sudden break in the fog. I hauled up the anchor and Ed fired the engine and we hurried toward the bridge.  Once through the narrow span we shaped a course to clear the shoals south of Sanibelthen at last we’d be in blissful open water.      


Unfortunately the fog soon returned; indeed, it was thicker than ever. We were gliding slowly south, under sail, which I hoped would help us hear the fog signals of other vessels without the rumble of our own engine. After a near collision with a drift fishing day boat I realized that adherence to the COLREGs was second to disturbing the fish or the paying customers with occasional toots on the horn.  The NOAA forecast hinted that fog was imbedded all along the coast and was only vague about when it might possibly lift.  


At this point I did something I rarely do on a boat, I acted sensibly.  “Why,” I asked Ed, “are we doing this?” He looked at me, surprised. “What do you mean?”  Ed has accompanied me on many deliveries over the years. “We don’t have to sail to Marathon and deal with this stress all night,” I said. “ We could sail back to the dock, you can cook a great dinner, we can visit that special bottle of Scotch and just relax.”  Now he looked at me with concern.  “Are you feeling OK?”  “Yes, I’m fine really.  Listen Ed, we can press on for Marathon, that’s fine, but we don’t have to; it’s OK with me, that’s all I am saying.”  Suddenly we both broke out laughing.  “To heck with the fog.”











Radar is the instrument of choice when piloting in the fog. So if you sail in areas frequently haunted by this nebulous matter, consider having such equipment on board.
When we conned the boat back through the bridge, the fog was so thick that we couldn’t even see the bridge tender.  Although radar is the instrument of choice for piloting in fog, the combination of GPS, large-scale charts (or a chart plotter), an accurate depthsounder, and a loud horn makes it possible to find your way when visibility is severely reduced.  The problem of course is that you can’t tell where other vessels are.  With darkness falling we decided to spend the evening on the hook in a designated anchorage northeast of the bridge.  

We made sure the anchor was well set and then poured a round of Oban. Ed, who loves to cook, began brewing up my favorite of his many superb dishes, Fifteen-Bean Soup.  With the soup cooking below and filling the cockpit with a delicious aroma ,we nursed our drinks in the Catalina’s comfortable cockpit.  We were feeling pretty smug. We’d outfoxed the fog. Somehow this felt like a sea change for me, but I wasn’t sure if it was good or bad. To prove that we hadn’t lost our moxie, Ed and I began to rehash our many passages.  There was the wild encounter with Hurricane Mitch and a miserable delivery of a big cruising catamaran with a gale in the Gulf Stream.  There was a delightful passage to Mexico the year before and a hellish delivery to the islands with an overbearing owner.  The Scotch was succumbing to our stories, and the fog was even beginning to lift.











Simply anchoring and waiting for the fog to lift is often the most appropriate course of action.
In the distance Ed noticed the running lights of a small boat, but the delicious silence remained unbroken.  A sailboat?  It must be.  We watched its slow progress; it was coming our way.  What a beautiful sight.  The boat glided on the water like a white swan. It cut a swath through the inky calm water, coaxing forward motion out each zephyr. Enough fog lingered to frame the boat like a John Noble painting. The small fiberglass sloop could have been a Bluenose Schooner off the coast of Nova Scotia.

Ed and I couldn’t help ourselveswe’re hopeless romantics.  Naturally we compared the approaching sailboat to the noisy, irresponsible powerboats we’d encountered earlier.  “Who needs an engine?” Ed demandedit was a statement not a question.  He recalled the purity of sailing his first boat, a salty Sovereign 18, “Now that was sailing.”  As the boat neared, we could see a young woman on the bow, clutching the forestay, obviously guiding her companion back at the helm.  When they were just 50 yards off, Ed and I stood on the rail and raised our glasses.  Before we could offer a toast, the woman’s shrill voice pierced the air: “Hey, do guys know anyplace around here where we can buy some gas?”







Piloting in the Fog



  • LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in">First and foremost, remember your fog signals and have a horn that might actually be heard from a distance and over the rumbling of engines. Sailboats are required to give one long blast and one short blast at intervals not longer than two minutes. When motoring, the signal is one long blast.
  • LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in">Your ears are very important in fog; if motoring or motorsailing, slow or stop the engine periodically to listen for both fog signals from other vessels and sound signals from navigational aids.



  • Use your draft to your advantage, steer clear of shipping lanes. One useful technique is to navigate into waters that are too shallow for a commercial ship to operate in. However, be absolutely certain of your position and your depth and don’t stray into waters that are dangerously shallow for your vessel.
  • Don’t forget that if you anchor and wait for the fog to lift you must continue to sound your fog signals.
  • If you sail in areas frequented by fog, consider radar and take the time to learn to operate it. Unlike GPS, radar requires significant user interpretation.






 


 

 



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