I just put in one of those invisible fence deals for a dog. It required making a waterproof underground connection in the wire. The way the kit was setup is they gave you a standard wire nut. Then you took the connection with the wire nut and poked it into a small tube with a cap. The tube was filled with a gel like substance. The idea seems to be if the connection is submerged in a waterproof gel the connection would be safe.
So how about a standard battery, the sealed type, in a waterproof container, and just fill it with something. No water can get in just make sure the battery is submerged in the protective goop.
Of course the battery needs to be able to vent if overcharged. Apparently some batteries can have a remote venting tube connected.
http://www.1st-optima-batteries.com/marine_battery.asp
“Model D31M: The D31M is Optima's most powerful marine battery. Like all Optima batteries, it offers exceptionally high CCA for its size and boasts 75 amp hours of current storage for long deep-cycling run times. The D31M marine battery will not off-gas in normal operation, but for complete safety in enclosed spaces the D31M's overpressure vent will accept a remote venting tube. If you have room for the D31M, it represents the best performance/cost value on the market. It's a stellar performer in virtually any marine battery application, and its Spiralcell AGM construction makes it tough as nails. See specs & delivered price in table below.”
Gel connectors in industrial use.
http://tdworld.com/mag/power_reliable_secondary_ug/