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I sail a Pearson 28. The bulge sump is about 18 inches aft of the mast. The bilge has five compartments with limber holes between them. The electric bilge pump is located in the deepest compartment and the strum box for the manual pump is located in the compartment just aft of the deepest sump. The manual pump is a gusher 400 (?) and is mounted at the aft end of the cockpit with 1" hose and exhausts thru a "Y" fitting and then to a stern mounted thru hull (1 & 1/8 inch).
The electric pump feeds a 1&1/8" hose to the same "Y" about one foot from the thru-hull. My problem is that both of these hoses are about 20 feet long and when you stop pumping more that 3 gallons of water returns to the bilge.
So, how would you recommend re-plumbing these two bulge pumps to reduce the back flow? And what would you replace the manual pump with (it's pretty old now and finding rebuild kits is difficult)?
Thanks,
John
 

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I sail a Pearson 28. The bulge sump is about 18 inches aft of the mast. The bilge has five compartments with limber holes between them. The electric bilge pump is located in the deepest compartment and the strum box for the manual pump is located in the compartment just aft of the deepest sump. The manual pump is a gusher 400 (?) and is mounted at the aft end of the cockpit with 1" hose and exhausts thru a "Y" fitting and then to a stern mounted thru hull (1 & 1/8 inch).
The electric pump feeds a 1&1/8" hose to the same "Y" about one foot from the thru-hull. My problem is that both of these hoses are about 20 feet long and when you stop pumping more that 3 gallons of water returns to the bilge.
So, how would you recommend re-plumbing these two bulge pumps to reduce the back flow? And what would you replace the manual pump with (it's pretty old now and finding rebuild kits is difficult)?
Thanks,
John
1) Run the effluent hose from the bilge pump to the highest point in the hose's run a quickly as possible. Everything after that point should drain overboard when the pump stops, leaving just the water from the pump to the high point to drain back into the bilge. Granted, given the location of the pump, it may be difficult to find a spot to put the high point close to the pump.

2) The other option is to get a diaphragm-type bilge pump. This will pump air as well as water (I'm assuming that your electric pump is a centrifugal-type, which won't pump air). A diaphragm pump will suck all the water out of the bilge and clear the hose (by continuing to pump air) before it eventually turns off. This would be the more expensive option, but it will leave the bilge pretty damned dry.

 

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The problem with these is that they tend to clog more easily. Not something you want in your boat's bilge pump plumbing.
Like anything else on a boat it takes maintenance to keep everything in working order and that would include that 'diaphragm pump' you are describing.

I've never had issues with clogging... but then again I don't let gunk and junk into my bilge. Maintaining a clean bilge is the key.
 

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The diaphragm pump is they way to go. Check valves can reduce pump output by more than 50% on centrifugal pumps and are not recommended by ABYC.
See this for more info
I normally do not go to Youtube or other sites similar to read the ABYC Rules...

See and read the ABYC rules before commenting and you might learn something too.

https://law.resource.org/pub/us/cfr/ibr/001/abyc.H-22.1986.pdf

Section (H-22.7) H-22 (10)
7-1-86

g. A check valve may be used, if necessary, to prevent an automatic bilge pump from cycling on-and-off due to back flow from the discharge line.
 

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The diaphragm pump is they way to go. Check valves can reduce pump output by more than 50% on centrifugal pumps and are not recommended by ABYC.
See this for more info
That depends on the type of check valve, large flap and wieghted ball generally have full flow and rarely fail closed they can fail open, small springed ones are only good for clear liquid and higher pressure. At least that is what I've seen.
 

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I sail a Pearson 28. The bulge sump is about 18 inches aft of the mast. The bilge has five compartments with limber holes between them. The electric bilge pump is located in the deepest compartment and the strum box for the manual pump is located in the compartment just aft of the deepest sump. The manual pump is a gusher 400 (?) and is mounted at the aft end of the cockpit with 1" hose and exhausts thru a "Y" fitting and then to a stern mounted thru hull (1 & 1/8 inch).
The electric pump feeds a 1&1/8" hose to the same "Y" about one foot from the thru-hull. My problem is that both of these hoses are about 20 feet long and when you stop pumping more that 3 gallons of water returns to the bilge.
So, how would you recommend re-plumbing these two bulge pumps to reduce the back flow? And what would you replace the manual pump with (it's pretty old now and finding rebuild kits is difficult)?
Thanks,
John
Install a diaphragm "nuisance pump" to deal with nuisance water and let the Gusher and centrifugal pump deal with Oh $hit level water....

That depends on the type of check valve, large flap and wieghted ball generally have full flow and rarely fail closed they can fail open, small springed ones are only good for clear liquid and higher pressure. At least that is what I've seen.
Where did you come up with this info???? It is contrary to the many, many, many check valves I have seen stick closed, and some of them actually sank boats or at the very least murdered battery banks....

"The Rule Pumps FAQs:

Can I install a check valve on the pump discharge?

Check valves are not recommended

Why doesn't Rule Pumps want check valve on the pump's discharge?
Check valves are prohibited by the American Boat & Yacht Council for use as an anti-siphon device-and with good reason: They're notorious for failing in both the open and the closed position, which respectively leads to flooding or failure to pump. If the valve is close to the pump, the pump may not be able to overcome the weight of the water on the other side of the valve, rendering the pump ineffective

Why does my automatic Rule Pumps turns off if I install a check valve on the discharge of the pump?
The automatic bilge pump turns on about every two and a half minutes to "check" for high water. If water causes resistance on the pump, it continues to pump until the resistance lowers. With the check valve installed at the pump, it can't feel the weight of the water, and shuts off, allowing the bilge to fill with water!"



Rule does not recommend a check valve on their centrifugal pumps. You can do what you want on your boat but you would be ignoring the advice of the manufacturer of the pump, and creating a potential safety issue. The first rule of bilge pump system design is to design a good system not Band-Aid a bad one.

Just because DIY's and builders do it, to save money, does not make it a correct or safe installation.

The prudent installation on a sailboat, where you want to prevent flow-back, is either to install a diaphragm pump, the ideal solution, or to get a float switch with a delay or install a smaller "nuisance pump". The delay will not always solve the problem however so a diaphragm pump that can handle a check valve, or has the check valve feature built in, is the proper & safe solution to flow-back.

A check valve in a centrifugal pump is not a solution, it is a potentially dangerous installation.

If you want to solve the problem the right way then you'll want to install a diaphragm pump. If you want to go against the sage advice of the manufacturer buy a check valve....

Other than what I posted above.. Here is one of the responses Rule sends out when you ask this question. This was sent to one of my customers who chose not to believe me. He then got really angry when his cabin sole was ruined and tried to blame it on Rule sending them a rather terse letter... I had already warned him not to install the check valve but he knew better.. Cost him nearly 4k for a new cabin sole...

Rule Pumps Tech Support said:
Both Rule and our competitors' centrifugal style bilge pumps have very little air vacuum pressure because there is a large gap between the centrifugal impeller and the impeller housing (depending on the pump, it could range between 1/16"-3/16") which allows high flow and some bilge debris to flow past the impeller without damaging the unit.

The negative side of having the large gap between the housing and the impeller is the impeller needs to come in contact with water to pull the water out of the bilge (water being a lot thicker than air).

A check valve in the bilge hose seals air in the hose and will not allow the water to come in contact with the impeller. The pump may be in a few inches of water (or completely submerged) but because of the air pocket, the pump cannot remove the water from the bilge.

If you wanted to remove as much water as possible, you could try installing a diaphragm style pump. The diaphragm pumps have internal check valves and are self priming to at least 6'. The only drawback is that the diaphragm pumps do not have as much flow as the centrifugal pumps. If you mounted the centrifugal pump switch higher than the switch for the diaphragm pump, the diaphragm pump could be used for the daily water seepage and the centrifugal pump could be used for emergency pumping.
In that last sentence Rule nails it.... That is a "proper" bilge pumping system which has no check valve in the centrifugal pump discharge....

If you want to prevent back-flow use a two pump system a "nuisance pump" (diaphragm) and a "emergency" pump (Centrifugal). If I had a dime for every bank of batteries a stuck check valve has murdered on a centrifugal pump......................

I would never, and I don't use the word never very often, recommend a check valve on a single centrifugal pump installation.

If you want a check valve please use a rotary vane or diaphragm pump that has the ability to deal with the head pressure of the standing water and to push open a sticky check valve. Most small boats can't swing the loads of a rotary vane pump so a diaphragm pump is the way to go.

Centrifugal pumps with check valves often just make neat little bubbles and the water remains in the bilge. Seen this far too many times to count and the damaged or sunk boats that go along with it..

It is your boat, you can do as you wish, but check valves on centrifugal pumps are a danger waiting to happen. You would be horrified at the number of "check valves" I see that fail to open. Beyond that most leak back within a few months causing lots of wear & tear on the pump and battery bank.

I am the guy replacing the batteries that the bilge pump killed when the check valve stuck and the float switch remained ON.........

You can design a bilge pump system safely or choose not to....;)
 

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I'm not saying to use a check valve, but if you are, try to use one that will most likely work best, think scupper valve,

Single pump is the old attage: one is none, two is one, because things will fail, or chinese resturant: Must have three

I'm going for a four pump chump, 10 gph dryout, 360 gph with ultra jr auto switch on a counter, a manual, and a 3500 gph why can I see that fish under the boat. I need to install the big one.

I've had diaphram pumps not suck and drain the battery too
 

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There ya go... Mainesail has spoken so it must be gospel!

My H28.5 will be sunk soon by a faulty check valve in bilge pump system and I'll be another of the 'statistics'... of course I have yet to see the solid data of all the boats sunk by check valves. in my bilge system otherwise ABYC would have banned it off their rules!

Funny but bilge pumps are not supposed to be antisiphon devices..
 

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There ya go... Mainesail has spoken so it must be gospel!

My H28.5 will be sunk soon by a faulty check valve in bilge pump system and I'll be another of the 'statistics'... of course I have yet to see the solid data of all the boats sunk by check valves. in my bilge system otherwise ABYC would have banned it off their rules!

Funny but bilge pumps are not supposed to be antisiphon devices..
GG56,

Read that standard again:
"Section (H-22.7) H-22 (10)
7-1-86

g. A check valve may be used, if necessary, to prevent an automatic bilge pump from cycling on-and-off due to back flow from the discharge line."


First, notice the two bits I highlighted, "A check valve may be used, if necessary". In other words, if it isn't necessary then don't use it.

Also, you're getting kinda pissy, based on your reading of an almost 30-year-old standard. I would take a look at the most recent version of H-22 before I played "Mr-boat-know-it-all", if I were you. ABYC may, or may not, have changed their feelings about check valves in bilge pump discharge lines over the past three decades.
 

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PitApe, you are right and I mistook it for another recommendation where check valves are not allowed to prevent back flow from a thru hull that may be underwater when heeled. However check valves do restrict the flow rate no matter what type of valve is used. By quite a bit really. They also can and do fail causing the pump to cycle and run the battery down. So it would seem the best approach would be to not use them at all.
 

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Discussion Starter · #18 ·
Well,
I've read in many places, including Rule's installation materials, to not use check valves on centrifugal pumps, so I really don't want to go down that path. Since the manual pump is a diaphragm pump, I don't think adding another (smaller, electric) one would be beneficial. I was hoping someone would address the routing issue, as on my boat there is atleast a six foot run to where the hose can rise vertically and then it can just barely get above the discharge level. So my thinking was that I could put the discharge on the side, just below deck level and shorten the run to about six feet. But everything I've read on this says don't do it.
As an aside, it's interesting to note that the referenced ABYC standard is for removing nuisance water, not to control flooding or emergency dewatering. The only reason I installed an 1100 ph electric bilge pump was for emergency situations. I guess I'll go back to my turkey banter to get rid of the little water I accumulate in the bilge which mainly comes from condensation and the mast. It's just that this has been the wettest March in over a hundred years and that little task has become more frequent. What do people do that live in rain forests?
So now the question is what do I replace the old manual pump?
John
 

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Most builder only install pumps to remove nuisance water. I suppose they are in denial that flooding can happen on their boats. In the video I talked about some of your questions. Here is a link to the article if you would rather read about it. Getting the water out - Ocean Navigator - Ocean Voyager 2014
If you have room you can add a loop just before the pump that will check the back flow from all the way to the bilge. I do not like running to the side but you can do that if you make sure the hose will loop above any heeled waterline. Also if you are on a floating dock and the pump kicks on it can hit someone walking down the dock (That has never happened to me of course) A small electric diaphragm pump would remove that last little bit of water if that is what you want. As for the manual pump I would recommend a good double stroke pump like the Henderson.Whale Henderson Mk5 Manual Bilge & Waste Water Pump - Hand & Foot Powered Pumps - Bilge & All Purpose Pumps - Pumps - Downwind Marine
I cover most of this in detail in both the video and article. Hope this helps
 

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Wouldn't the reality be if you really have a oh sheet moment of flooding the only thing a 1500+ GPH pump is going to do is buy you some time, ships going down unless you stop the leak. Maybe a gas pump would keep a boat afloat for a while longer but who carries one of those around JIC? ;-) I don't know, just my logic anyway.

Maine Sail nailed it as usual though. Where I made a mistake redoing all my bilge pumps was the maintenance pump hose is too big, 5/8" I believe...should have gone as small as possible so as little back flow as possible, and on the maintenance pump I do have a check valve and its on a switch. On the "emergency" oh sheet pump its wire to the battery and no check valve. No check valve on the manual either. Oh Sheet pump is about 3" above maintenance pump. I always have a little water in bilge thanks to the keel stepped mast
 
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