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Long Range WiFi -- Posting right now using "long range" wireless

52058 Views 203 Replies 34 Participants Last post by  Faster
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I hooked up my new Ubiquiti Bullet2HP to a 12v source and I am making this post using it right now. Really nice.


Of course, I'm very close to my own wireless access point at home, in fact there's no antenna connected to the Bullet. I'm using a 12v spotlight battery for power. When I get to our boat, I'm going to hook it up to the mystery antenna at the top of my mast. Once that's accomplished, you can be sure I'll have my pick of wireless networks to use.


To hook this up, I got a piece of normal Cat5 cable and carefully stripped off the outer plastic shell, revealing 4 pairs of wires. I hooked +12 volts to the blue pair (solid blue and blue striped), and ground to the brown pair (solid brown and brown striped). The Bullet immediately powered up with the "on" LED lit up. The other 2 pairs of wires remained connected to the plug at the end of the cable. I plugged that plug into my laptop. Then I followed these instructions: http://www.ubnt.com/downloads/Nano_Quick_Set-up.pdf The instructions are for another product, but they are close enough to figure out what to do.

If you aren't comfortable stripping wire (or stripping striped wire), you can get a Power Over Ethernet (POE) device, that breaks-out a power connection for you. There's a simple one that costs about $6 that I saw online, that would be suitable for use on a sailboat. Other POE "injectors" may be starting with 110volts, where you don't have to.

Once you have it setup, you can have it automatically find wireless networks, or you can set it so you can choose which wireless network you want to connect to. The former may connect you to a less-than-optimal network (perhaps a strong signal coming from another boat that is also simply a repeater), while the latter method would have to be done at each new anchorage. I went with the former, but I can easily change it through the web interface that the little device has built into it.

Here's the setup:


When I do install it, I plan to wrap it in electrical tape like the installer did for this one. Actually, I'll wrap the tape lower, since a few (actually, ten) Bullets had leaks under the clear cover that's over the LEDs -- bad glue that they've since fixed. To help it last a long time, I'll probably use electrical tape down to right below the LEDs. White tape would also look better too.


You'll need to get a WiFi (2.4 GHz) antenna with a female "N" type connector. The Bullet attaches right to the antenna at the top of your mast - no antenna cable. You have a Cat5 cable carry the signal (and power) to the unit. This eliminates the signal loss that you usually get from running a coax cable up to the mast. Here's an example:


When you unscrew the lower cover, you can see where the Cat 5 cable attaches. The lower cover has a hole for the cable that has white plastic O-ring. I tore it while removing it, so be careful when taking that grommet off the unit and sliding it over the Cat 5 cable. I plan to tape it up pretty thoroughly with electrical tape, so no harm done.


Choose an antenna that's right for the amount of pitching and heeling/rocking you will be doing when you surf the Internet. Unless you are at a dock or otherwise facing a specific direction all the time, you'll want to get an omnidirectional antenna. These antennas are available in increased gain, but the higher the gain, the narrower the vertical width of the beam. So heeling and pitching will affect a 12db gain antenna much more than a 6db gain antenna. From some cursory research, 6db to 10db ought to work. Since I plan on using the Internet mostly at anchor, if I didn't already have an antenna, I'd go for an even higher-gain omnidirectional antenna, maybe even 15 db or more. The higher the gain the longer the antenna gets, it seems. A 15db omnidirectional antenna will probably be 70 to 90 cm long and pull in signals from pretty far away. We'll see what range I get with my set up, using an unknown antenna that came with our boat.

At home, with no antenna, I pulled in my own wireless network. By holding a 6 inch wire onto the antenna plug, I could see 3 wireless networks. I can only imagine what I see once I get a real antenna connected.

Finally, I may hook a Linksys wireless router to the Bullet, so that I have WiFi in our boat. From what I understand, the Bullet can be setup as a repeater and serve your wireless laptops on your the boat, but I may use a separate device anyway (something about throughput). But initially I'll use a wire to my Bullet. I can get it setup that way quicker and I will be burning less amps (8 Amps, I think).

There is a forum for this product. Some useful threads are there. (Careful, one of the threads linked to an antenna with a female "type N" connector. You will need a male connector.)
marine wifi?? - Ubiquiti Networks Forum
Best Marine Antenna for B2HP Bullet - Ubiquiti Networks Forum

For the techie types - and if you made it this far then you are one - here's the datasheet: http://www.ubnt.com/downloads/b2hp_datasheet.pdf

Here are some places to buy it: bullet2hp - Google Product Search Note that you choose how powerful you want it to be. I got the 800 mW one by accident because I didn't pay close enough attention. I'd go for the 1000 mW one. It costs a bit extra, but considering the effort to get everything in place and buy an antenna, it's worth it.

***EDIT: I'm not affiliated with Ubiquiti, not related to anyone there, don't even know anyone there. I saw the product mentioned in another WiFi thread and thought I'd try it out.***
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I have had nothing but irritation with my bullet2 and I have not even powered it on yet. I have ordered 2 antennas from 2 different vendors both saying they are N-type female and neither of them fit the unit. If I had to do it over again I would just get the pico and be done with it several times over.
I have had nothing but irritation with my bullet2 and I have not even powered it on yet. I have ordered 2 antennas from 2 different vendors both saying they are N-type female and neither of them fit the unit. If I had to do it over again I would just get the pico and be done with it several times over.
Is it irritation with the Bullet2 or with the antennas?
I have had nothing but irritation with my bullet2 and I have not even powered it on yet. I have ordered 2 antennas from 2 different vendors both saying they are N-type female and neither of them fit the unit. If I had to do it over again I would just get the pico and be done with it several times over.
In case it helps, you can tell the female connector as the one where you can see the threads in plain view.


The male connector has the threads inside the thing you turn to tighten. The threads are hard to see.

Maybe the people on the other end of the phone need some educating before they ship it to you. Either way, it's a shame that it's keeping you from some good connectivity.
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i built an omni ant that is built right on to a usb wireless adapter. it works well but is slightly directional. it has picked up networks from about a mile, but i did not try to connect to em.

i also have a linksys router running wwdrt, set up in wireless repeater mode that i was going to use on the boat. problem is my home router died just as i got the linksys running so it got stuck at home.

i need to get one of these things too, then i have three options.

i do like the usb thing, becuase it take no outside power, and i have it on about 20 feet of usb cable built in to a pvc tube. so its weather tight, i just hang it when i need it
Is it irritation with the Bullet2 or with the antennas?
Its irritation with the antennas or better the people selling the antennas. I got the female ends but they are too small and don't even come close to fitting.

Also the vendors I talked to kept steering me to high gain antennas even though I told them many times I am on a boat and the gain could make things worse not better. Finally I told them I just wanted an antenna ANY antenna so I could power up the thing and configure it. By that point I had pretty much lost faith in them and just gave up. I will probably just order a pico and call it good. Now I have a strange assortment of antennas and parts.
Its irritation with the antennas or better the people selling the antennas. I got the female ends but they are too small and don't even come close to fitting.

Also the vendors I talked to kept steering me to high gain antennas even though I told them many times I am on a boat and the gain could make things worse not better. Finally I told them I just wanted an antenna ANY antenna so I could power up the thing and configure it. By that point I had pretty much lost faith in them and just gave up. I will probably just order a pico and call it good. Now I have a strange assortment of antennas and parts.
You could sell them on eBay.

I heard somewhere that there were 2 types of N connectors. I don't have the time now to research it, but that could be the problem. After you get one that works, can you post pictures of the differences to help others avoid that problem?

Regards
Great post, Bene. Great post. I am sending you a PM.

- CD
I'musing a Portnetwork directional antenna here in the Baltimore inner Harbor. It is picking up about 30 signals. I have it attached to the mast about 10 feet off the water.It works best, of course, when the boat is not swinging around at anchor. I also have a 5-mile amplifier I use at anchor but its reception is not as impressive.
Great write up, Bene!

Instead of electrical tape, try a roll of "self vulcanizing butyl tape" aka "coax seal" or self-stick silicone tape, which is clear instead of black. The butyl & silicone tapes are in the plumbing section at the big-box hardware stores and they adhere to themselves--with no goo or adhesive. Lasts much better than electrical tape, costs more of course.

And I'd put a dab of silicon grease in the terminal fittings, to ensure no water or oxidation in them.

Sure is a nice elegant solution to hoist aloft.
You could sell them on eBay.
After you get one that works, can you post pictures of the differences to help others avoid that problem?

Regards
In my attempts to get something that worked I got some adapters and the adapter that I got had the correct and incorrect ends on it. The online pictures are not good enough that you can tell the difference so I doubt that it will be much help. But maybe someone can put a name to the wrong one so that you can ask.
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Bullet M2HP installation

Having recently installed a Bullet M2HP on my sailboat I have written a configuration guide to take you from as shipped to happily hooked up to a WiFi access point stage.

Richard
Unfortunately being a new member forum rules require I make two plain posts before I can add any upload content so please bear with me.

Richard
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Bullet installation configuration

OK here it is. This guide addresses issues I've not seen covered in any other.



I bought my equipment from these guys including POE box & 12db omni antenna which is supplied with bracket & fits straight on to Bullet. Total cost with 15 metres of screened Cat 5e cable $139.

Configuration instructions, which although written for M2HP will get you up & running with 2HP as well.



I have my Bullet hooked up to a surplus 802.11n router. My laptop, TV & smartphone all share the connectivity.



Richard
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One thing I noticed which bears adding here.... The Bullet2HP has to be turned on AFTER your laptop comes on. So if you have just powered-up your laptop, you have to cycle your Bullet2HP off (I usually wait a few second with it off) and then on again.

We currently have ours hoistable on a halyard. The final installation at the top of the mast will take place after I get the CAT5 cable run inside the mast. That's a 2-person job and we've been too busy having fun this past summer.

Regards,
Brad
Hmm I think that might be an issue with your machine. My Bullet is left on permanently at the moment. As soon as my laptop boots up or its brought out of sleep mode, it connects. This is true with direct LAN connection or with my present setup, Bullet->802.11n WLAN router->laptop 802.11n WLAN adaptor (2x2 130Mbps).

I'm running Windows 7 x64 so that may explain why I don't have the same issue.

BTW I found that best settings for my WLAN router were with DHCP off as that task is performed by Bullet. I simply plug Bullet LAN cable into one of the four LAN sockets on router (doesn't have WAN port) & it provides transparent connection.

Would be interested to hear if you receive substantially better signal strengths with antenna at top of mast compared to say 6 feet above deck.

Regards
I used to own and operate a Wireless Internet company in the mid-west. I have used many of Ubiquti's commercial products with great suceess, but never the consumer line such as the Bullet.

I can tell you that things like increasing your antenna height, and higher gain antennas will all make large differences in the ability to reliably pick up a signal from a long distance.

As for the comment about avoiding high gain antennas on the water, that most definitly does NOT apply to wifi antennas. the higher the gain the better they will perform in nearly all situations.

As for the Antennas, Pacific Wireless makes very good low priced 2.4 Ghz outdoor omni antennas. They can be purchased from streakwave.com, and their sales staff is quite knowledgable (their main office is practically across the street from Ubiquiti, you won't find anyone with better knowledge).

to be clear, I do not have any affilliation with either company, but I do know people at each of them as a result of doing business with them for years.
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Yes I agree with all your points (I too have served my time in microwave coms) although you didn't mention vertical beam width.

Rightly or wrongly I ignored popular advice on using an omni of no more than 6dB gain to avoid this issue. I have a 12dB gain one which claims an 8° vertical beam width, but so far no problems. If my boat is rolling so much at anchor that I start to loose Internet connectivity, that would be the last thing on my mind.

It's probably not practical to put a 12db gain omni at the top of the mast given its 4 foot length, so I was wondering what Brad was using.

I would be particularly interested to know how a 12dB omni performed on average at say 12 feet above the water compared to a 6dB one 60 feet up, given that most AP's are around 15-20 feet above ground in the Caribbean.
Yes I agree with all your points (I too have served my time in microwave coms) although you didn't mention vertical beam width.

Rightly or wrongly I ignored popular advice on using an omni of no more than 6dB gain to avoid this issue. I have a 12dB gain one which claims an 8° vertical beam width, but so far no problems. If my boat is rolling so much at anchor that I start to loose Internet connectivity, that would be the last thing on my mind.

It's probably not practical to put a 12db gain omni at the top of the mast given its 4 foot length, so I was wondering what Brad was using.

I would be particularly interested to know how a 12dB omni performed on average at say 12 feet above the water compared to a 6dB one 60 feet up, given that most AP's are around 15-20 feet above ground in the Caribbean.
Yes, it's 4 feet long. The mast had a "mystery antenna" mounted atop it that I took down. Everything is a match threading-wise.

I did some tests and saved screenshots. Mainly using a 9 db versus a 12 db gain antenna. i still have to post about it. Been a bit too busy to get my head around it. It's coming though. Let's just say that I hit the marina 1/2 mile away at 2.4+Mbps.

Regards,
Brad
Vertical beamwidth is a consideration, but I beleive the water will actually partially negate that as there may be significant multi-pathing from being reflected off the surface of the water. There is a trade off, but I think the gain from a higher gain antenna (yes, pun intended) outweighs the downside of the smaller beamwidth in the size antennas that people will be mounting on their boats.

@Bene505, As for getting connection from 1/2 a mile away... that's nothing. with clear line of sight, the 400mw transmitter (I pulled that spec from memory from some old sales material I saw when it was first coming out so it may be off), and a 12dBi antenna, you should be able to connect from 6 or 7 miles away. With properly aimed directional antennas and lower power transmitters than the bullet you have, I've completed links of nearly 30 miles
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